Everything about Gustavo Rojas Pinilla totally explained
Gustavo Rojas Pinilla (born in the city of
Tunja,
Boyacá on
March 12,
1900 died in
Melgar,
Tolima on
January 17,
1975) was a
Colombian General,
military dictator of Colombia from
1953 to
1957 and
Colombian political figure, as well as a
1970 presidential candidate on behalf of the
National Popular Alliance,
Alianza Nacional Popular,(ANAPO) political movement that he founded. He was the son of Julio Rojas and Hermecia Pinilla.
Early years and education
Gustavo Rojas began his career in the school of cadets
Escuela de Cadetes of
Bogotá in 1917. He obtained his degree in
1920. In
1923 while serving in
Manizales,
Caldas, he was promoted to
lieutenant in the
army. He became dissatisfied with the army and in 1924 he requested permission to retire from active service so that he could study
Civil Engineering in
Three State College, in the
United States where he obtained the title of
civil engineer in 1927. From there he started taking part in the construction of highways and other works of engineering as part of his
military career.
War with Peru
war against Perú. The following year he was assigned to
Buenaventura's port as commander of the Coast Battery and military engineer of the region in case of a Peruvian attack. In 1936, he became an
engineer of the technical department of the Colombian Army munitions factory on behalf of which he was sent on a special mission to
Germany to obtain the machinery necessary to make
ammunitions in
Bogotá. On his return to
Colombia he was nominated as chief of the technical department of the munitions factory.
Colombian envoy to the United States
In
1943, he was sent to the
United States to acquire weapons and other machinery for the Colombian military. In 1944, he became assistant director of the School of War, and in 1945 the director of
Civil Aeronautics. It was there where he presented his project for
airports in Colombia under the name " Tracks of landing in
Colombia ", which served as dissertation for his promotion to colonel of the Army, a plan which he'd subsequently bring into being with the
El Dorado Airport and other airports during his later presidency.
La Violencia
In 1946, already a
colonel, Rojas was nominated as commander of the First Brigade in
Tunja and in 1948 was named commander of the Third Brigade in
Cali. There, he gained major recognition in the country for having managed to appease the
rebellion that happened in this region as a consequence of the assassination of the popular leader
Jorge Eliécer Gaitán in April 9, 1948, for which he was honored by the incumbent
Conservative president
Mariano Ospina. On October 11 of the following year, he was promoted to General and on October 19 assigned to the General Direction of the National Army. On December 3 of the same year Rojas was named Minister of Post Office and Telegraphs (nowadays so-called Department of Communications) in the government of
Mariano Ospina.
General of the Colombian Armed Forces
In 1950, he was nominated as a
delegate for
Colombia to the
United Nations in
Washington, and as such he inspected the battalion Colombia that one was fighting against
communism during the
Korean War. In 1952, he was designated general of the
Armed forces of Colombia by
stand-in president
Roberto Urdaneta during the
Conservative government of
Laureano Gómez.
Coup d' etat
On
June 13,
1953,
Rojas seized power by means of a
coup d'état supported by Liberals and Conservatives.
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